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Recent Developments

India is primarily a domestic demand-driven economy, with consumption and investments contributing to 70% of the economic activity. With India’s economy showing resilient growth, supported by strong domestic demand, policy reforms, and a healthy investment pipeline, several new projects and developments are underway across key sectors. According to World Bank, India must continue to prioritise lowering inequality while also putting growth-oriented policies into place to boost the economy. In view of this, there have been some developments that have taken place in the recent past. Some of them are mentioned below.

• On the FDI front, according to the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), India's cumulative FDI inflow stood at Rs. 99,08,749 crore (US$ 1.12 trillion) between April 2000-September 2025; with major share of FDI equity inflow, coming from Singapore at Rs. 13,21,127 crore (US$ 186.82 billion) with a total share of 24.45%, followed by Mauritius at Rs. 11,22,807 crore (US$ 183.66 billion) with 24.04%, the USA at Rs. 5,50,450 crore (US$ 77.27 billion) with 10.11%, the Netherlands at Rs. 3,77,094 crore (US$ 54.93 billion) with 7.19%, and Japan at Rs. 2,93,863 crore (US$ 45.61 billion) with 5.97%.
• As of January 9, 2026, India’s foreign exchange reserves stood at Rs. 61,95,896 crore (US$ 687.19 billion).
• In November 2025, India recorded 113 Private Equity (PE)–Venture Capital (VC) deals valued at Rs. 46,500 crore (US$ 5.6 billion), marking a 31% year-on-year increase from Rs. 35,700 crore (US$ 4.3 billion) in November 2024. On a month-on-month basis, investment value rose by 4% compared to Rs. 44,800 crore (US$ 5.4 billion) in October 2025. Deal activity also strengthened, with the number of transactions increasing 12% year-on-year from 101 deals in November 2024 and 4% month-on-month from 109 deals in October 2025, reflecting sustained momentum in India’s PE/VC investment landscape.
• During FY 2025–26 (up to January 27, 2026), Foreign Portfolio Investor (FPI) activity in India indicated a phase of portfolio optimisation and asset reallocation amid evolving global market conditions. While foreign investors moderated direct equity exposure, debt instruments continued to attract investments of over Rs. 2,100 crore (US$ 0.25 billion), supported by stable macroeconomic fundamentals and policy continuity. FPIs also channelled Rs. 17,025 crore (US$ 2.0 billion) into mutual fund schemes, reflecting a preference for diversified and professionally managed market exposure. Domestic Institutional Investors (DIIs) played a stabilising role in the equity cash market during FY 2025–26 (April–December 2025), recording net purchases of around Rs. 5.99 lakh crore (US$ 66.55 billion). Strong and consistent buying by mutual funds, insurance companies, and pension funds helped offset periods of foreign portfolio moderation.
• India’s manufacturing sector continued to expand in December, with the seasonally adjusted HSBC India Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) remaining firmly in expansionary territory at 55.0, despite easing from 56.6 in November. Importantly, the index stayed above its long-run average, indicating sustained improvement in overall sector health. New orders continued to rise at a strong pace, supported by steady domestic demand, while output growth, although moderating, reflected ongoing capacity utilisation.
• India’s consumer price inflation remained subdued and well-anchored in December 2025, reflecting a stable price environment across the economy. Headline inflation, based on the All-India Consumer Price Index (CPI), stood at 1.33% year-on-year, indicating continued moderation in price pressures. The marginal month-on-month uptick of 62 basis points from November 2025 reflects normal seasonal movements, while overall inflation remained comfortably low, underscoring effective supply management and macroeconomic stability.
• India’s GST collections continued to demonstrate underlying revenue resilience, supported by steady economic activity and compliance levels. Total Net GST revenue in December 2025 stood at Rs. 1.45 lakh crore (US$ 16.17 billion), reflecting normal month-on-month variation. On a cumulative basis, net yearly GST collections in December 2025 reached Rs. 14.25 lakh crore (US$ 163.59 billion), registering a year-on-year growth of 6.8%, underscoring sustained consumption momentum and the strengthening tax base.
• Passengers carried by domestic airlines during January-November 2025 were 1526.35 lakhs as against 1464.02 lakhs during the corresponding period of the previous year, thereby registering an annual growth of 4.26% and a monthly growth of 6.92%.
• The government is focusing on renewable energy sources and has achieved a major clean energy milestone by generating 50% of its power from renewable sources, five years ahead of its 2030 target. India is committed to achieving the country's ambition of Net Zero Emissions by 2070 through a five-pronged strategy, ‘Panchamrit’. Moreover, India ranked 3rd in the renewable energy country attractive index.
• India secured 38th position out of 139 economies in the Global Innovation Index 2025. India rose from 81st position in 2015 to 38th position in 2024. India ranks in 3rd position in the global number of scientific publications.
• India’s industrial activity witnessed a strong rebound in November 2025, with the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) growing by 6.7%, a sharp improvement from 0.4% in October 2025, indicating accelerating industrial momentum. The manufacturing sector led this expansion with a robust 8.0% growth, supported by positive performance across 20 out of 23 industry groups at the NIC two-digit level, reflecting a broad-based recovery. Key growth drivers included basic metals (10.2%), pharmaceuticals and medicinal products (10.5%), and motor vehicles and trailers (11.9%), highlighting strength in core, healthcare, and mobility-related industries. Overall, the IIP index rose to 158.0, up from 148.1 in November 2024, underscoring sustained expansion in India’s industrial base.
• The government has set a calibrated wheat procurement target of 30 million tonnes for the 2025–26 rabi marketing season, ensuring efficient stock management and smooth market operations. This comes even as wheat production is projected at a record 115 million tonnes in 2024–25, reflecting strong output prospects. To support farmers, the MSP for wheat has been fixed at Rs. 2,425 per quintal, with procurement to be undertaken by FCI and state agencies to meet food security and welfare requirements.